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What is an outlier? In cost accounting, an outlier could be a cost or its related level of activity that is out of line with other observations. An outlier can be detected by plotting each observation’s cost and...

What is prime cost? Definition of Prime Cost In cost accounting, the prime cost of a manufactured product is the combination of the following: Direct materials cost Direct labor cost The indirect manufacturing costs...

What is practical capacity? Definition of Practical Capacity Practical capacity is a manufacturer’s level of output (often expressed in machine hours, barrels, pounds, etc.). Practical capacity is less than its...

What is boilerplate? In business, boilerplate is a term to describe the standard wording that is contained in warranties and other documents. Generally, the information that is boilerplate is not subject to change....

What is elastic demand? Definition of Elastic Demand Elastic demand is the situation in which demand for a product or service is sensitive to price changes. Elastic demand is a major concern for a manufacturer that...

How do I compute the product cost per unit? Definition of Product Cost per Unit In accounting, a product’s cost is defined as the direct material, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead. Other costs such as...

How do you calculate the payback period? Definition of Payback Period The payback period is the expected number of years it will take for a company to recoup the cash it invested in a project. Examples of Payback Periods...

What is the difference between cost and price? Definition of Cost and Price In accounting, the term cost can mean the cash or cash equivalent amount a company paid to acquire an asset or the amount of an expense it...

How do I calculate IRR and NPV? Definition of IRR The internal rate of return (IRR) method or model determines the interest rate that discounts all cash inflows and cash outflows to a net present value of $0. In other...

What is process costing? Definition of Process Costing Process costing is a term used in cost accounting to describe one method for collecting and assigning manufacturing costs to the units produced. A processing cost...

What is the payback reciprocal? The payback reciprocal is a crude estimate of the rate of return for a project or investment. The payback reciprocal is computed by dividing the digit “1” by a project’s payback...

Why would someone buy a bond at a premium? Definition of Bond Premium Bond premium or premium on bonds occurs when the bond’s actual interest payments are greater than the interest payments expected by the market. The...

What are accounting ratios? Definition of Accounting Ratios Accounting ratios, which are also known as financial ratios, are one part of financial statement analysis. Accounting ratios will often relate one financial...

What is zero-based budgeting? Definition of Zero-Based Budgeting Zero-based budgeting, or ZBB, is a rigorous budgeting process that requires that every dollar of every expense in the budget be justified, even if the...

What is the internal rate of return? Definition of Internal Rate of Return The internal rate of return is the interest rate that will discount an investment’s future cash amounts to be equal to cash paid at the...

What is a cost variance? Definition of Cost Variance Generally a cost variance is the difference between the actual amount of a cost and its budgeted or planned amount. For example, if a company had actual repairs...

What is a responsibility center? Definition of Responsibility Center A responsibility center is a part or subunit of a company in which the manager has some degree of authority and responsibility. The company’s...

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