Also referred to as a “p.o.” A multi-copy form prepared by the company that is ordering goods. The form will specify the items being ordered, the quantity, price, and terms. One copy is sent to the vendor...
Also referred to as a “p.o.” A multi-copy form prepared by the company that is ordering goods. The form will specify the items being ordered, the quantity, price, and terms. One copy is sent to the vendor...
A situation where there is correlation between the independent variables used in explaining the change in a dependent variable. When this condition exists, you cannot have confidence in the individual coefficients of the...
An asset’s cost that has been assigned to Depreciation Expense.
What is a common carrier? A common carrier is a business that transports goods for other companies, organizations, or individuals. The common carrier is responsible for any loss associated with the transport of the...
What is a favorable variance? Definition of a Variance In accounting the term variance usually refers to the difference between an actual amount and a planned or budgeted amount. For example, if a company’s budget for...
The additional amount given to employees for the overtime hours. Usually this is the “half-time” in time and one-half. For example, if an employee’s hourly pay rate is $10 per hour and the employee...
A word that means to add a column of numbers as in “Foot the amounts listed in column A.” Also see crossfoot.
Spreading the physical counting of inventory throughout the year. For example, a company may physically count a different 10% of its inventory each month instead of counting 100% of its inventory once per year.
A part of a manufacturer’s inventory that includes direct and indirect materials. Also referred to as stores.
See production service department.
The total annual return on a bond investment if held to maturity. For example, if a bond is purchased at less than its maturity value, the yield to maturity includes the annual interest plus the gain as the bond...
Amounts spent for property, plant and equipment.
Journal entries usually dated the last day of the accounting period to bring the balance sheet and income statement up to date on the accrual basis of accounting. Adjusting entries are made to report (1) revenues that...
See separation of duties.
See Accounting Research Bulletin.
See accrued rent expense. Also see accrued rent income.
Also referred to as book value or carrying value; the cost of a plant asset minus the accumulated depreciation since the asset was acquired. This net amount is not an indication of the asset’s fair market value....
See Explanation of Inventory and Cost of Goods Sold.
A right to buy a specific number of shares of stock at a specific price by a specific date.
The relationship between two variables. There can be correlation without a cause-and-effect relationship. Also see coefficient of correlation.
The reduction of an asset’s carrying amount. For example, we often reduce or write down inventory from its cost to its net realizable value when the net realizable value is lower.
The result of the sale of an asset for less than its carrying amount; the write-down of assets; the net result of expenses exceeding revenues.
A corporation’s reported net income and earnings per share for a three-month period.
Costing system wherein fixed manufacturing overhead is allocated to (or absorbed by) products being manufactured. This system, which treats fixed manufacturing costs as a product cost, is required for external financial...
The systematic allocation of the cost of a natural resource from the balance sheet to the income statement.
What conditions cause a discount on bonds payable? Discount on bonds payable occurs when a bond’s stated interest rate is less than the bond market’s interest rate. If a $1,000,000 bond issue promises to pay interest...
How do you calculate the cost of carrying inventory? Definition of Cost of Carrying Inventory The cost of carrying inventory (or cost of holding inventory) is the sum of the following: Cost of money tied up in inventory,...
To report a revenue or expense that has occurred, but has not yet been entered in the accounting records as of the end of the accounting period. To learn more, see Explanation of Adjusting Entries.
Losses result from the sale of an asset (other than inventory) for less than the amount shown on the company’s books. Since the loss is outside of the main activity of a business, it is reported as a nonoperating...
In standard costing the difference between the actual cost and the standard cost of direct materials or direct labor. The price variance of direct labor is usually referred to as the labor rate variance.
What are payroll withholding taxes? Definition of Payroll Withholding Taxes In the U.S. payroll withholding taxes are the taxes that an employer is required to deduct from its employees’ gross wages, salaries, bonuses,...
In business decision-making, payback means the number of years before the cash invested in a project is returned. It involves the cash flows from the project but generally the cash flows are not discounted to reflect the...
Goods placed with another party without transferring ownership. See consigned goods.
A shortened version of the term bank reconciliation or bank statement reconciliation.
See mixed expenses.
Form 990 is the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) form entitled Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax. This federal form must be filed annually by tax exempt organizations. However, some organizations such as...
Waste, scrap, evaporation, etc. in the manufacturing of products. Normal spoilage is considered unavoidable and is part of the cost of producing the good output. Abnormal spoilage is considered avoidable and is not part...
A document filed when a corporation is formed. Among other things, it lists the number of shares of stock that the corporation is authorized to issue.
Individuals elected by the common stockholders of a corporation to represent the stockholders and to establish the policies of the corporation. The board of directors appoints the officers of the corporation and declares...
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